前置条件

1. 已安装java1.8版本

java -version
java version "1.8.0_361"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_361-b09)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.361-b09, mixed mode)

[root@localhost ~]# echo $JAVA_HOME
/usr/java/jdk1.8.0_361
 

2. 已安装git

[root@localhost ~]# git --version
git version 1.8.3.1
 

下载jenkins安装包

https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/jenkins/redhat-stable/

jenkins-2.346.3-1.1.noarch.rpm  // 361之后的版本需要jdk 11才能支持

官网说明：

https://get.jenkins.io/war-stable/

Supported Java versions for the LTS release line are:

2.361.1 (September 2022) and newer

Java 11 or Java 17

2.346.1 (June 2022) and newer

Java 8, Java 11, or Java 17

2.164.1 (March 2019) and newer

Java 8 or Java 11

2.60.1 (June 2017) and newer

Java 8

1.625.1 (October 2015) and newer

Java 7

安装Jenkins

[root@localhost ~]# rpm -ivh jenkins-2.346.3-1.1.noarch.rpm
warning: jenkins-2.346.3-1.1.noarch.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA512 Signature, key ID 45f2c3d5: NOKEY
Preparing...                          ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
   1:jenkins-2.346.3-1.1              ################################# [100%]
 

修改用户和端口号

vim /etc/sysconfig/jenkins  // 新版本不生效

JENKINS_USER="root"

JENKINS_PORT="8099"

添加JAVA路径

vi /etc/init.d/jenkins

/etc/alternatives/java
/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.8.0/bin/java
/usr/lib/jvm/jre-1.8.0/bin/java
/usr/lib/jvm/java-11.0/bin/java
/usr/lib/jvm/jre-11.0/bin/java
/usr/lib/jvm/java-11-openjdk-amd64
/usr/bin/java
/usr/java/jdk1.8.0_361/bin/java
 

systemctl daemon-reload  // 重新加载生效

打开防火墙8099端口

1、开启防火墙
systemctl start firewalld
2、关闭防火墙
systemctl stop firewalld.service
3、查看防火墙开放的端口
firewall-cmd --zone=public --list-ports
4、打开防火墙指定端口，如8099端口
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=8099/tcp --permanent （--permanent永久生效，没有此参数重启后失效）
5、重新加载配置文件
firewall-cmd --reload
6、查看防火墙状态
systemctl status firewalld

启动jenkins

systemctl start jenkins

查看jenkins服务状态

systemctl status jenkins.service

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl status jenkins.service
● jenkins.service - Jenkins Continuous Integration Server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/jenkins.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: activating (start) since Thu 2023-05-04 20:40:40 CST; 44s ago
 Main PID: 4366 (java)
    Tasks: 71
   Memory: 318.4M
   CGroup: /system.slice/jenkins.service
           └─4366 /usr/bin/java -Djava.awt.headless=true -jar /usr/share/java/jenkins.war --webroot=%C/jenkins/war --httpPort=8080

May 04 20:40:46 localhost.localdomain jenkins[4366]: *************************************************************
May 04 20:40:46 localhost.localdomain jenkins[4366]: *************************************************************
May 04 20:40:46 localhost.localdomain jenkins[4366]: *************************************************************
May 04 20:40:46 localhost.localdomain jenkins[4366]: Jenkins initial setup is required. An admin user has been created and a password generated.
May 04 20:40:46 localhost.localdomain jenkins[4366]: Please use the following password to proceed to installation:
May 04 20:40:46 localhost.localdomain jenkins[4366]: d0b2bb9176a646a799321d663b0fa598
May 04 20:40:46 localhost.localdomain jenkins[4366]: This may also be found at: /var/lib/jenkins/secrets/initialAdminPassword
May 04 20:40:46 localhost.localdomain jenkins[4366]: *************************************************************
May 04 20:40:46 localhost.localdomain jenkins[4366]: *************************************************************
May 04 20:40:46 localhost.localdomain jenkins[4366]: *************************************************************
 

启动超时问题

[root@localhost /]# systemctl start jenkins
Job for jenkins.service failed because a timeout was exceeded. See "systemctl status jenkins.service" and "journalctl -xe" for details.
 

解决方案：

 启动失败，jerkins服务启动时间较长，超过了一定时间（90秒）就会被systemd认定启动失败，可以通过修改/usr/lib/systemd/system/jenkins.service文件中的TimeoutStartSec=0来解决该问题
 

vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/jenkins.service
TimeoutStartSec=0

systemctl daemon-reload // 重新加载配置文件
systemctl start jenkins // 启动jenkins

进入jenkins

http://192.168.0.199:8080/

输入启动时的密码或查看文件

[root@localhost /]# cat /var/lib/jenkins/secrets/initialAdminPassword
d0b2bb9176a646a799321d663b0fa598

安装推荐的插件

创建第一个管理员用户

admin , Yumin1983, eric, 55581154@qq.com

实例配置

Jenkins URL:   http://192.168.0.199:8080/

修改免安全认证

vi ./var/lib/jenkins/config.xml

<useSecurity>false</useSecurity>

systemctl restart jenkins  // 重启

MAVEN

https://archive.apache.org/dist/maven/maven-3/3.6.3/binaries/

tar -vxzf apache-maven-3.6.3-bin.tar.gz

mv apache-maven-3.6.3 /usr/local/maven

jenkins中安装maven插件

管理jenkins - 插件管理 -  可选插件 -  maven integration plugin 3.22

新建任务

名字：test - 创建一个maven任务 - 源码管理 - Git

配置 Repository URL, Credentials, Branches to build.

配置MAVEN和pom.xml

管理jenkins - 全局工具配置 - Maven - 新增Maven - name(maven3) - MAVEN_HOME(/usr/local/maven)

在pre Steps中确认pom.xml的位置在项目根目录下